Valorization of lavender waste – obtaining and characteristics of polyphenol rich extracts Polyphenol rich extracts from lavender waste
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Abstract
Bulgaria became the leading producer of lavender oil in the last years. Due to the lower quantity of essential oil large amounts of waste were generated which distilleries usually discard, although the residues are rich source of biologically active substances. The objective of this study was to obtain polyphenol-rich extracts from lavender waste and to investigate their chemical composition and antioxidant capacity. Two wastes (Mirkovo, Bulgaria, 2016) were investigated – steam distilled (SD-L) and CO2-extracted lavender (CO2-L). The major aroma constituents found were linalool and linalyl acetate – 30.68% and 25.82%, respectively, and the highest concentrations were found in the SD-L. The total flavonoids in CO2-L and SD-L were 2.91±0.11 and 3.72±0.20 mg/g dry matter residue, respectively. The higher amount of phenolic acids was observed in the SD-L waste – 2.62±0.19 mg/g, compared to 1.39±0.14 mg/g dry matter residue for CO2 extracted lavender. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was investigated by DPPH (SD-L – 355.48±23.12 µmol TE/g DW waste; CO2-L – 283.21±17.04 µmol TE/g DW waste) and FRAP (SD-L – 427.36±26.54 µmol TE/g DW waste; CO2-L – 311.29±18.17 µmol TE/g DW waste). Both methods suggested that SD-L residue had higher antioxidant capacity and polyphenol content.The lavender wastes (SD-L and CO2-L) showed strong antioxidant capacity with potential beneficial effect on addition in foodstuffs. For the first time lavender residues from CO2-extraction was investigated for its antioxidant activity, polyphenol composition and aroma metabolites, and comparison with SD-L was performed. In general, the results suggested that the lavender waste were promising source of antioxidants.
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