A systematic review on processing and health benefits of wood apple Processing and health benefits of wood apple
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Abstract
Wood apple (Aegle marmelos), also known as "bael" is a tropical fruit native to Southeast Asia. It holds significant importance in traditional medicine and has been recognized for its numerous health benefits. This review aims to explore the processing techniques of wood apple and highlight its potential health-promoting properties. The processing of wood apple involves several steps, including harvesting, ripening, and extraction of pulp. The extracted pulp can be consumed fresh or processed into various forms, such as juice, jams, syrups, or even used as an ingredient in culinary preparations. It is a good source of vitamins (especially vitamin C), minerals, dietary fiber, and antioxidants. The fruit is also known for its unique blend of bioactive compounds, including tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. These constituents contribute to its diverse health benefits.
The fruit exhibits antimicrobial properties and helps combat bacterial and fungal infections. It also has hypoglycemic effects, potentially benefiting individuals with diabetes. The presence of bioactive compounds in wood apple suggests potential anticancer properties, although further research is needed in this area. Understanding the processing techniques and health-promoting properties of wood apple can provide valuable insights for the food industry and contribute to its integration into a healthy diet.
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References
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Gadekar S.D., Swami S.V., Gore S.S. Studies on development of suitable technology of utilization wood apple (Feronia limonia L.) pulp in preparation of khoa burfi. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2017, 7(4): 3069-3072. Available at: https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2018/vol7issue4/PartAY/7-4-644-226.pdf
Gautam S., Ishrat N., Singh R., Narender T., Srivastava A.K. Aegeline from Aegle marmelos stimulates glucose transport via Akt and Rac1 signalling and contributes to a cytoskeletal rearrangement through PI3K/Rac1. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2015, 762(9): 419-429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.021
Giri A., Rao H.G.R., Ramesh V. Effect of incorporating whey protein concentrate into stevia-sweetened kulfi on physicochemical and sensory properties. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 2013, 66(2): 286-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0307.12005
Goyary J., Khobragade C.B. Tiwari A., Malakar S. A preliminary study of modelling the thin-layer drying kinetics of wood apple pulp in hot air oven. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 2021, 10(6): 106-111. Available at: https://bepls.com/beplsmay2021/16.pdf
Goyary J., Owary K.R., Basumatary D., Mushahary N.M., Muramalla T., Meena G.S., Kumar N. Analyses of symbiosis between Lactobacillus bulgaricus and (oat and onion) prebiotic. International Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Research, 2013, 4(5): 445-450. Available at: https://www.ripublication.com/ijbbr_spl/ijbbrv4n5spl_07.pdf
Gupta R., Johri S., Saxena A.M. Effect of ethanolic extract of Feronia elephantum Correa fruits on blood glucose levels in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Natural Product Radiance, 2009, 8(1): 32-36. Available at: https://nopr.niscpr.res.in/bitstream/123456789/3768/1/NPR%208%281%29%2032-36.pdf
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Gustaw W., Kordowska-Waiter M. The influence of selected prebiotics on the growth of lactic acid bacteria for bio-yoghurt production. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum, Technologia Alimentaria, 2011, 10(4): 455-466. Available at: https://www.food.actapol.net/pub/4_4_2011.pdf
Ilaiyaraja N., Likhith K.R., Babu G.R.S., Khanum F. Optimisation of extraction of bioactive compounds from Feronia limonia (wood apple) fruit using response surface methodology (RCM). Food Chemistry, 2015, 173(4): 348-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.10.035
Jayakumar A., Geetha K. Wood Apple: Uses and benefits. Facts for You, 2012, p. 23-24. Available at: https://lfymag.com/admin/issuepdf/Wood%20Apple_Aug%2012.pdf
Jayaram R.V., Jain S. Removal of basic dyes from aqueous solution by low-cost adsorbent: Wood apple shell (Feronia acidissima). Desalination, 2010, 250(3): 921-927. http://doi.org/10.1155/2014/154809
Kailas M.D., Khan E.M. Equilibrium, kinetic and diffusion mechanism of Cr (VI) adsorption onto activated carbon derived from wood apple shell. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2017, 10(Suppl. 1): 252-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.07.031
Kamble M.G., Singh A., Prabhakar P.K., Meghwal M., Singh S.V., Chinchkar A.V. Effect of high shear homogenization on quality characteristics of wood apple fruit pulp. Food Quality and Safety, 2020, 6: fyac011. https://doi.org/10.1093/fqsafe/fyac011
Karunanithi A., Venkatachalam S. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from wood apple pulp: Identification of phytochemicals using GC-MS. Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, 2019, 25(4): 361-368. https://doi.org/10.2298/CICEQ180828014K
Krishnaiah D., Sarbatly R., Bano A. Phytochemical antioxidants for health and medicine – A move towards nature. Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2007, 1(4): 97-104. Available at: https://academicjournals.org/article/article1380101340_Krishnaiah%20et%20al.pdf
Kumar A., Deen B. Studies on preparation and storage of jelly from wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) fruits. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2017, 6(6): 224-229. Available at: https://www.phytojournal.com/archives/2017/vol6issue6/PartD/6-5-387-949.pdf
Kumar A., Singh K.P., Gupta M.P., Singh B. Physico-chemical quality of kulfi. Journal of Rural and Agricultural Research, 2016a, 16(1): 79-81. Available at: https://jraragra.in/Journals/2016Vol1/vol22.pdf
Kumar M., Sansaniwal S.K., Khatak P. Progress in solar dryers for drying various commodities. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2016b, 55(C): 346-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.158
Kumar N.S., Shaikh H.M., Asif M., Al-Ghurabi E.H. Engineered biochar from wood apple shell waste for high-efficient removal of toxic phenolic compounds in wastewater. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 2586. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82277-2
Kumar P., Singh S.B. Formulation and evaluation of wood apple supplemented Kalakand. Pharma Innovation Journal, 2017, 6(4): 145-147. Available at: https://www.thepharmajournal.com/archives/2017/vol6issue4/PartC/6-4-2-753.pdf
Lamani S., Anu-Appaiah K.A., Murthy H.N., Dewir Y.H. Analysis of free sugar, organic acids, and fatty acids of wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) fruit pulp. Horticulture, 2022, 8(67): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8010067
Maity P., Hansda D., Bandyopadhyay U., Mishra D.K. Biological activity of crude extracts and chemical constituents of bael, Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 2009, 47(11): 849-861.
Mani S. An overview on wood apple (miracle fruit) and their properties. Pharma Innovation Journal, 2020, 9(11): 247-249. https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2020.v9.i11d.5345
Minh N.P., Oanh T.T.K. Several technical parameters affecting to wood apple tea production supplemented with curcumin. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 2018, 13(2): 1318-1323. Available at: https://www.ripublication.com/ijaer18/ijaerv13n2_66.pdf
Moazzem M.S. Sikder M.B.H., Zaman W. Shelf-life extension of wood apple beverages maintaining consumption-safe parameters and sensory qualities. Beverages, 2019, 5(25): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/beverages5010025
Murakonda S., Dwivedi M. Impact of maturity on the mechanical and textural properties and rheological properties modelling of wood apple fruit (Limonia acidissima). Journal of Food Process Engineering, 2022, 45(5): e14026. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.14026
Murakonda S., Patel G., Dwivedi M. Characterization of engineering properties and modelling mass and fruit fraction of wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) fruit for post-harvest processing. Journal of Saudi Society Agricultural Science, 2021, 20(4): 421-427. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2021.09.005
Murthy M.R., Sharanagouda B., Jayaprakash H.M., Ramanjaneyalu G. Studies on preparation of filled kulfi. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Science, 2009, 43(3): 597-599.
Mustayen A.G.M.B., Mekhilef S., Saidur R. Performance study of different solar dryers: A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014, 34(6): 463-470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.020
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How to Cite
GOYARY, Jyotirmoy et al.
A systematic review on processing and health benefits of wood apple.
Food Science and Applied Biotechnology, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 2, p. 368-379, oct. 2024.
ISSN 2603-3380.
Available at: <https://www.ijfsab.com/index.php/fsab/article/view/312>. Date accessed: 23 jan. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.30721/fsab2024.v7.i2.312.